Improvement in stills



G. HADLEY. Still Condenser.

No. 65,564.l

Patented June 1l, '1867.

N. FEARS, PMOTD-LITHDGRAPHER.WASHINGTON, D C,

@niet gaat @eine @fam GEORGE HADLEY," OF BUFFALO, NEIV YORK.' Letters Patent N'o. 65,564, dated June 11, 1867. i

IMPROVEMENT in stints.

'ro ALL WHOM rr MAY coNcnnN:

v.e it known that I, GEORGE I-IADLEY, of Buffalo, Erie county, tate of New York, have invented a, new and useful Improvement in Stills; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, suilicient to enable one skilled in the art to which the invention nppertains to make use of it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which-Q Figure 1 isa central longitudinal vertical sect-ion.

Figure 2 is a similar section of a modified formvof the still.

The vapor from the still is conducted througha pipe which at different parts ol' its length is envgloped by water-jackets of gradually decreasing temperature, so as to eliminate by a regular and continuous action the particular grade of vapor forwhich the successive, and especially' the last water-jacket, is by its temperature adapted. l i

In thel drawings the stillis marked D, the pipe a, the successive water-jackets C C C2 C3 C, their connccting pipes d. The water-supply vessel A discharges by its faucet E into the/funnel F, at the head ofthe column ot' water envelopes. dl the discharge faucet at the foot ofthe column. II is the pipe leading to the worm in the condenser. I l

The operation is asfcllows: Heat being applied to the still in 'anysuitable manner, either by a. steamjacket, a coil, a furnace, or jets, the rising vapor passes into and through the pipe a, meeting as it proceeds with the refrigerating or condensing elfect ol' a series of enveloping waterjackcts of decreasing temperature; that is to say, the lirst it meets with is relatively the warmest, the contents of the jackets' becoming cooler in each successive envelope as the vapor passes on its path tothe condenser worm. vWat-er of the proper tcmperature is admitted from the tank A to,` the upper jacket C, iig. 1, or C, iig. 2, which is thereby kept at .such a temperature as to eliminate the subtile vapor which has passed with denser vapors from the still. The water vpasses from the highest jacket by a pipe, d, to the one next in a series which is at a higher temperature, from thence to the next, `becoming more 'and more heated as it descends from point to point, and after having served its purpose in the succession of jackets, and becoming more and more' heated, it is discharged at last at the foot of the column by faucet cZ. Any suitable number of'water-jackets may be employed, and the pipe a may be either bent, as in lig. 1, or straight, as in iig. 2, the saine feature of successivewater-jackets of progressively decreasing temperature being found in each. The pipes rl which connect the water-jackets are of such a size as not to allow a general circulation ot' the water to and fro between the successive jackets C C C2 C3 C4, which would tend to establish a uniformity of temperature, but merely a passage downward of the water at such a rate as will accomplish the desired purpose oi giving such a gradually increasing temperature in the downward series as shall be adapted to fullil the end in view. i The degree of the increase'in the temperature of the jackets is regulated by varying the supply of water, by varying the heat applied to the still, or by both. Instead oi' connecting the water-jackets by pipes d, each ot' the jackets may communicate with a reservoir of water maintained at the required temperature so as to make the several jackets independent. I also desire to state that I may elect to apply distinct refrigerating means to each jacket so as to render it independent of a separate reservoir, andthe ell'ect may b e obtained by any circulating liquid or even mere fluid, such 4as a current of air properly regulated. The temperature of the water-jacket is adapted to keep back, by condensing them, all vapors which it is desired to retain in the still. The first jacket condenses a portion of the vapor, that which passes said jacket being of such levity as not to bc condcnsable at the temperature of said jacket; the' second jacket, in ascending series, being somewhat cooler, condenses a further prtion, the third another portion, and so on until the last .jacket is reached. The refrigerating character of this, the last condenser, is such as to allow only vapor of a given tenuity to pass to the worm, which brings it to the liquid form, after having run the gauntlet of the whole series of jackets, and having its grosser or heavier associated vapors detained on the road and returned by pipe a to the still. j

Having described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. A series of jackets of graduated temperature, applied to the pipe of a still to eliminate by successive` stages a fluid of given tenuity and return the heavier condensed vapors.

2. I claim a tube, a, leading from the still, and provided at different points in i-ts length with a succession of condensers adapted to condense successive portions of the vapor therein.

GEORGE HADLEY, Witnesses t F'. S. Passa,- B. Conoonnn'. 

